Progressive Movement Practice Exam 2026 – Comprehensive Test Prep

The term that best describes the efforts to create a more socially just and equitable society during the Progressive Era is reformism. This period, generally spanning from the 1890s to the 1920s, was characterized by a collective movement to address the myriad social, political, and economic issues stemming from rapid industrialization and urbanization. Reformists sought to rectify inequalities and injustices through various means, including legislation, social activism, and grassroots organizing.

Reformism encapsulates the goals of various Progressive movement initiatives, such as labor rights, women's suffrage, civil rights, and anti-corruption measures in government. These efforts were aimed at creating a more democratic society where individuals had fairer access to opportunities and rights, laying the groundwork for future social justice movements.

In contrast, the other terms do not fully align with the essence of the Progressive Era. Modernism typically refers to a broader cultural and artistic movement that came later, emphasizing innovation and rejecting traditional forms. Libertarianism emphasizes individual freedom and minimal government intervention, often resisting the sort of regulatory reforms championed by progressives. Traditionalism focuses on maintaining established customs and practices, which contrasts deeply with the progressive aim of advocating for systemic change and social reform.